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Cavendish Laboratory : Diagram of a Kaufmann vacuum rotary pump

Cavendish Laboratory

<p style='text-align: justify;'>The diagram shows the rotary vacuum pump invented in 1905 by W. Kaufmann. Air is trapped by the mercury in the inclined Archimedean spiral and delivered to the roughly evacuated space. Continuous rotation by an electric motor or by hand, carried away the air. It needed a backing pump to reduce the pressure to roughly 2 cm of mercury, a feature of all modern high-vacuum pumps. (E. N. da C. Andrade, 'The History of the Vacuum Pump', 1958).</p>

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